Category Archives: ASTM
A325 Countersunk Bolts
Can Portland Bolt manufacture A325 countersunk bolts?The short answer is, yes! In 2015, ASTM created F3125 which is a new, all-inclusive specification for structural bolts that consolidated and replaced the following six stand-alone ASTM standards: A325, A325M, A490, A490M, F1852 and F2280. Under the new F3125 specification, A325 fasteners can be made in head styles other than heavy hex as long... Read more
ASTM Revision Letters
What do the letters and numbers after ASTM grades mean?ASTM standards are typically called out by their ASTM number and year of revision, for example F1554-07. Occasionally, when small revisions are made at ASTM that do not necessitate a full year revision, the year is annotated with a letter. We fielded a chat recently where this question came up. Below is the correspondence and... Read more
ASTM Specifications for Castings
What ASTM Specification covers castings?There are several ASTM specs which cover castings, including A47, A48, A536, and A668. ASTM A47 A47 covers malleable castings intended for general use up to temperatures around 750⁰ Fahrenheit. A47 castings come in one grade, available in metric and imperial. Common forgings specified to A47: Shear Plates, Beveled Washers ASTM A48 A48 covers gray... Read more
F1554-55 vs F1554-36
Can an F1554 Grade 55 anchor bolt be substituted for an F1554 Grade 36 anchor bolt?Yes. According to ASTM F1554-15 when Grade 36 is specified, a weldable Grade 55 may be furnished at the supplier’s option. F1554 Grade 36 vs. F1554 Grade 55 F1554 is the ASTM specification for fasteners that have an intended use for anchoring structural supports to concrete foundations. The specification is available in three strength grades:... Read more
ASTM A709 Grade 36 Bolts
Can I order bolts to ASTM A709 Grade 36?The simple answer here is no. ASTM A709 is a specification that covers carbon and high-strength structural steel plates and bars intended for use in bridge applications. There are multiple grades of A709 and Grade 36 covers the structural steel made from mild carbon steel, such as A36. Although Portland Bolt would manufacture an A709 Grade... Read more
F1554 Anchor Bolt Tolerances
What are the tolerances for F1554 anchor bolts?In our Live Chat, numerous customers have asked us about tolerances under the F1554 specification relating to things like diameter, length, straightness, and many other parameters. While a customer always has the option of specifying a particular set of tolerances they may require for any bolt, what are the default tolerances for anchor bolts under... Read more
ASTM A193 B7 vs. A193 B7M
What is the difference between A193 Grade B7 & A193 Grade B7M?Several ASTM specifications are followed by an “M” that denotes it being an equivalent metric standard. While there is actually an A193M Grade B7 specification which is applicable to metric fasteners, this is not the case with ASTM A193 Grade B7M. This is a different grade of material than A193 Grade B7. So how exactly... Read more
Straightness Tolerances for F1554
Are there straightness tolerances for ASTM F1554 anchor bolts?The answer to this question is no. The ASTM F1554 specification defines tolerance ranges for various dimensional requirements such as thread dimensions, thread length variance, overall length, (and in the case of bent anchor bolts) bend section, hook length, and bend length. However, no tolerances are given for straightness. The reason for this is because... Read more
Hot-Dip Galvanizing Specifications
Does ASTM A123 apply to bolts and fasteners as a galvanizing specification?ASTM A123 does not cover threaded bolts and fasteners. ASTM A153 and F2329 are the ASTM specifications that cover the requirements for hot-dip zinc coating of fasteners. ASTM A123 This specification covers the requirements for hot-dip galvanizing on iron and steel products made from rolled pressed and forged shapes, castings, plates, bars, and strips. It... Read more
Ordering Bolts to ASTM A588
Can I order bolts to A588?ASTM A588 is a common steel standard that covers high strength, low-alloy structural steel shapes, plates, and bars with improved atmospheric corrosion resistance that is intended for riveted, bolted, or welded construction. Fasteners are not specifically included in the scope of A588, but that doesn’t stop engineers and contractors from asking for A588 bolts. Why is... Read more
Ordering Bolts to A572 Grade 50
Can I order bolts to A572 Grade 50?ASTM A572 is a common structural steel standard that covers five grades (42, 50, 55, 60, 65) of high strength, low-alloy structural steel shapes, plates, and bars that is intended for riveted, bolted, or welded construction. Fasteners are not specifically included in the scope of A572, but that doesn’t stop engineers and contractors from asking for... Read more
Ordering Bolts to ASTM A36
Can I order bolts to ASTM A36?ASTM A36 is a very common steel standard that covers structural carbon steel shapes, plates and bars. Fasteners are not specifically included in the scope of A36, but that doesn’t stop engineers and contractors from asking for A36 bolts. Why is that an issue? The inherent problem with trying to order bolts to a ASTM... Read more
Metric to Imperial Grade Equivalents
What are the imperial/ASTM equivalents for metric fastener grades?Both ASTM F568M and ISO 898-1 outline several grades of metric fastener, from low carbon/low strength, up to high strength/heat treated alloy grades. The equivalents listed below should be only considered as rough equivalents. Special care should be taken before substituting grades to make sure that an acceptable substitute is being used. For example, grade... Read more
F1554 Permanent Marking Requirement
Is color coding required on F1554 anchor bolts when supplemental requirement S3 is requested?S3 is the supplemental specification for a permanent grade identification stamp on the top end of F1554 anchor bolts. When this is called out, it replaces the color code requirement. Therefore, color coding is not required when supplemental requirement S3 is called out on the purchase order. For more information on marking and color coding... Read more
ASTM and Stainless Steel Washers
What is the ASTM specification for stainless steel washers?Stainless steel washers are not made to an ASTM specification; they are only made to raw material specifications. Most stainless steel ASTM bolt specifications refer to the raw material specification they are made from as the appropriate washer to use in conjunction with the bolt. Hence, an ASTM A193 or A320 grade B8M bolt, made... Read more
F1554 and Wedge Anchors
Does the F1554 specification cover wedge anchors?No. The ASTM F1554 specification clearly addresses the type of bolts that are covered under this specification, and which types of fasteners are not. ASTM F1554 Section 1.1 states that F1554 covers “…straight and bent, headed and headless, carbon boron, alloy or high strength low-alloy steel anchor bolt (also known as anchor rods).” Additionally, in... Read more
Bolt Length Tolerance
What is the length tolerance for a bolt?ASME B18.2.1 has a table that deals with the length tolerance for square, hex, heavy hex, and askew head bolts. It also has a section for lag screws as well as tighter tolerance cap screws. The tolerance varies greatly per diameter and length of the fastener. See the table below. ASTM A325 and A490 heavy... Read more
Welding Beveled Washers
Can I weld to your malleable beveled washers?Along with shear plates and round malleable washers, malleable beveled washers are made with ASTM A47 cast malleable iron. See the following excerpts from ASTM A47. 11.3 Castings that have been repaired by the welding shall be reannealed so that the microstructure will comply with Section 8. (Section 8 of ASTM A47 lays out specific... Read more
Torque Charts and Anchor Bolts
Do torque charts for tensioning fasteners apply to anchor bolts?The AISC Steel Construction Manual, 13th Edition has this to say about anchor rod nut installation. “The majority of anchorage applications in buildings do not require special anchor rod nut installation procedures or pretension in the anchor rod. The anchor rod nuts should be “drawn down tight” as columns and bases are erected. This condition... Read more
A307 Grade 36 vs F1554 Grade 36
Can the anchor bolts type ASTM F1554 grade 36 be replaced with ASTM A307 grade 36?This question was submitted by a Port Authority on the East Coast. Anchor bolts were supplied by another company claiming they met or exceeded the requirements of F1554 grade 36. As it turns out, they did not. Hi Greg, Sorry for being late to send you a clear copy of the Mill certification. Just to... Read more
Grade 5 or A449 vs F1554 Grade 55
Can I substitute Grade 5 or A449 bolts for F1554 grade 55 bolts?In most circumstances the answer is no. For Grade 5 the answer is never. Although, Grade 5 meets the minimum yield requirements of F1554gr55, the minimum tensile requirements exceed the maximum tensile requirements in all cases. A449 is similar in regards to meeting the minimum yield strength of F1554 Grade 55 across the board but... Read more
A307 Grade A vs F1554 Grade 36
Will imported A307 grade A hex bolts meet the requirements of F1554 grade 36?Anchor bolts which are embedded in concrete and used for structural anchorage purposes can assume several forms. Common forms of anchor bolts include right angle bend anchor bolts, swedged rods, and threaded rods (typically with a nut and/or square plate attached to the bottom of the rod). Another common configuration for an anchor bolt is... Read more
F1554 Grade 36 All Thread Rod
Does commercially available mild steel all thread rod meet ASTM F1554 grade 36?In almost all cases, commercially available all thread rod will not meet F1554 grade 36. First, it is rare that distributors or manufacturers keep lot control on all thread rod. In other words, different heats of all thread rod are commingled so that it is difficult to determine the exact certification document that corresponds to... Read more
High Strength vs Standard Nuts
Can an A563 Grade DH high strength heavy hex nut be substituted for a lower strength A563 Grade A hex nut?Yes. According to ASTM A563, the specification covering carbon and alloy steel nuts, the supplier may supply any higher strength nut at anytime, but the supplier must give notice to the purchaser that the substitution is being made. The supplier cannot supply a nut that is prohibited by the inquiry and resulting purchase order. “1.2... Read more